Communication in India (1950-1985) (Lohita's Homework)

Before 1950 i.e. during the British period all major cities & towns in India were linked with telephones.

It was actually between 1950 & 1985 that communication in India saw significant growth. 

Facts:

First Telex services were introduced in 1953 in Mumbai.

 

In 1960 first S.T.D. (Subscriber Trunk Dialing) route was started between Kanpur & Lucknow.

It was in 1985 when the first modern Mobile Telephone Service was started in Delhi.

Dealing with backstabbers

Backstabbing at workplace certainly devastates individuals, especially when a person doesn’t know ho to deal with it. Now, career guru Kepcher has offered some advice on how to identify and cope with backstabbers at workplace.

Credit stealer
Seemingly helpful team player who will enthusiastically support your suggestions and work to make the project a big success – particularly because she intends to take credit.

This will include magnifying her own role, using personal pronouns such as “I” and “me” as substitutes for “we” whenever possible.

The chameleon
He, too, will appear to be a helpful team player, offering encouragement and support in private.

However, the chameleon will launch into his command performance whenever bosses are present and criticize ideas he supported some time back, including subtly accusing his peers of failing to notice the problems.

His every move is an effort to make himself look good — by making others look bad.

Backstabber-In-Chief
Occasionally, the Backstabber will also be the boss. Sigourney Weaver nailed this role in the movie "Working Girl.”

The most encouraging boss imaginable will steal the assistant’s potentially career-making idea.

How to handle all kinds of backstabbers at your office, by Kepcher, reports the New York Daily News :

- Stay calm. Do not let them make you emotional and defensive.
- Don’t wander through the jungle alone. Beware of private conversations that can be misquoted later.
-Use mail and group meetings to document your contributions.
- Be polite, but persistent. Learn to say no.
- Use direct phrases such as, “I’m perplexed you have so many negative comments about our idea since you were so supportive when we spoke privately yesterday. Is there a reason you didn’t bring up your concerns until now?”

By being direct and careful, you can help push the Backstabber species in your workplace to extinction as quickly as possible.

Seduce through your eyes!!

Seduction is not just a mind game, your eyes play as important a role. We help you perfect your moves...

All that talk about first impression and lasting ones... well, that’s not all jazz you know. Whoever said it sure knew what they meant. And guess what, if you want to seduce someone, you’ve got to do more than just dress and speak the role, you have a secret yet powerful tool at easy disposal, your eyes. Making the right eye contact and giving the right signals via your eyes to the person you are interested in means about 50 per cent of your work done. The truth is that most of the communication that occurs between two people who are interested in each other is wordless, it’s all about the looks.

Even the experts will vouch for this. In fact, communication and body language counsellors opine that the basic components of eye behaviour are easy to master once a person knows how they work. So, if you want to ensure that you always use your eyes fluently and with dazzling effect, here are four simple steps you need to follow.

Establish : The first thing you need to do when you meet is to look into the eyes of the other person. A confident look will create a positive first impression. Establishing eye contact is a specially handy tool when you’re trying to gain the attention of an unknown hottie or cutie. In this case, don’t keep staring at him/her, it may feel like you’re stalking them. Instead, make short frequent glances. If the opposite person reciprocates your move and holds your gaze, it a silent signal that you have the ‘permission’ to go ahead and initiate a conversation. Start of with introducing yourself.

Maintain : Now that you’ve started a conversation, it’s time for step two. Yes, we agree you can’t keep looking into each others eyes forever, but try to maintain eye contact for as long as it’s possible. Studies say the average gaze time for an average listener is a minuscule three seconds. But you need to go a tad further, try to hold your partner’s gaze for at least five to seven seconds. This will make it look like you’re paying attention and care about what the other person is saying. How does this work? It’s a two-way effect. While is makes the person opposite feel important, it will make you more ‘attractive’ in their eyes. Mission accomplished!

Maximise : You know your mission and you know that it’s your eyes that are going to be in focus. Hence, it’s most important that you pay attention to how your eyes look. Ladies, don’t hesitate to do them up to best effect, there are tons of products available in the market to help you. And it is a know fact that kajal gives the eyes a certain depth while clearly defining one’s eyes.

Widen : There’s something about large eyes that catches the attention of the person opposite. And ladies, though it may be a tad exaggerated in movies, fluttering your eyelashes does have that devastating effect on the opposite sex. There’s also a technique that will help you make your eyes appear larger; raise your brows and slightly lower your eye lids. If reports are to be believed, Marilyn Monroe herself often used this highly successful technique.

There you have it, now that you’ve mastered the formula, it’s time for you to try it out.

RIM's 'BlackPad' Tablet: Why It'll Succeed, Why It Won't

Despite growing competition from Apple's iPhone and Google's Android platforms, Research In Motion (RIM) reigns supreme in the U.S. smartphone market. Its market share tops 40 percent, and it's shipped more than 100 million BlackBerry devices. RIM's new BlackBerry 6 operating system and rumored Bold 9800 handset will likely debut on Tuesday at a media even in New York City. And the company's a major player internationally too.

RIM's lacking in the tablet department, however. Apple's iPad is a proven hit, and a varied assortment of Google Android-based slates will arrive before the end of the year. But RIM may be gearing up to launch its own tablet in November. According to a recent Bloomberg report, the device will be called the "BlackPad," feature iPad-like dimensions (including a 9.7-inch screen), and sport Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless connectivity.

But can RIM segue from smartphones to slates? Let's take a look:

Pros

Huge market share: Since BlackBerry rules the business world, RIM is in an excellent position to parlay its smartphone success into strong tablet sales in the enterprise market.

Best business tools: RIM's new Enterprise Server 5 software has some of the best mobile management tools in the industry, including the ability to separate business and personal content on a BlackBerry phone. For instance, an IT administrator can remove corporate data from an employee-owned BlackBerry without touching the worker's personal information and apps. Those features could prove appealing on a RIM tablet too.

Cons

Uncertain market: The iPad is primarily an entertainment device for consumers. It won't print (at least not without some third-party help), won't run Flash, and it really isn't built for business use. It remains unclear how business users will take to tablets.

Few apps: The BlackBerry App World catalogue has a sparse selection of 8000-plus apps, according to RIM. (I counted just over 8700 a couple of weeks ago.) Compared to Apple's 225,000 apps in its App Store, and the 60,000-plus apps in Google's Android Market, BlackBerry's store shelves look practically bare. However, these three platforms will probably be on a more even level (with the iPad taking the lead) when we start comparing apps written exclusively for tablets.

Dumb name: BlackPad? Sure, I get the synergy with "BlackBerry," but the tablet sounds like something right out of a 70's blaxploitation flick. Does a baaad mutha like John Shaft use a BlackPad?

I did not die . . .

Do not stand by and weep . . .
I'm not there . . .
I do not sleep . . .
I am the thousand winds that blow . . .
I am the diamond that glints on the snow . . .
I am the sun on the ripened grain . . .
I am the gentle autumn rain . . . of quiet birds in circled flight . . .
I am the soft stars that shine at night . . .
Do not stand by & cry . . .
I am not there . . . 
I did not die . . . . . .

from obituary of Namrata Chadha, pg. 8, The Times of India, Saturday, June 14, 2010.

Sure shot ways to burn fat, fast !

It takes great determination to lose weight. The fat has just been adding up for months or years, as the case may be. However, don’t kill yourself with a mean crash diet to get into a bikini, simply follow our expert-backed tips to fall into shape. 

‘How to get started’ is a major cause of concern. Whether it is sweating it out at the gym or going for long jogs, it is a tough call for most fitness novices. At such a juncture it is imperative to understand your body and its fitness requirement. And accordingly zero in on a work-out routine. We take a look at five fast fat burning moves... 

Cardio exercises 

Cardios are the best form of exercise for beginners. There is no refuting the fact that to blast calories you need to break a sweat. A lean body can never be yours without sweating out the excess flab. And cardio exercises help you achieve just that; they boost your stamina, make you energetic and flexible to take up an even rigorous fitness regime. Running on the treadmill, cross-trainer, cycling, swimming and skipping are the most popular forms of cardio. While a treadmill exercises the whole body, cross-trainers are for the hips and thighs. You can even go for the cycling option at a gym; there are two kinds of cycles, one for thighs and the other for thighs and stomach. 

Diet 

Once you have set up a routine, gradually cut down on fish, red meat, fries, butter, cheese and junk food of every kind. Take a good dose of water depending on your body requirement. Coconut water and fresh fruit juices too can be taken post meals. 

Spinning 

One might complain of lack of variety in a spinning class, as the exercise routine can get a tad monotonous. However, spinning is a wonderful way to burn calories and keeps your muscles toned. Agreed, cycling in the open is a far viable option as it lets you enjoy the local sights and take in fresh air, but rainy season and foggy winters can put a dampener on your fitness schedule. Request your trainer to come up with varied routines to keep up the interest. At a spinning studio, with the help of background music and varied lighting, a soothing and happy atmosphere is recreated. Not to mention, spinning works best when alternated with cardio exercises. It helps lose fat and build muscles. You can do 30-45 minutes of non-stop spinning once in eight days, if you are combining it with cardio. 

Diet 

Food intake should be half of your normal diet. You can consume small portions of all kinds of food you like, but say no to fries, butter and cheese. 

Trapeze workout 

The form of workout is named after the lesser-known trapeze muscle which all of us have, but isn’t very prominent. Trapeze muscles are connected at either ends to the collar bone and hence move parts of the skeleton. Little wonder, fitness addicts and body builders sport such a neat shoulder and neck line. To chisel out your trapeze muscles, the ‘Dumbbell shrugs’ and ‘Barbell shrugs’ are most effective. The former flexes your side form, while the latter is for the front form. It is to be noted that trapeze exercises are not for beginners, as it requires an already lean body. A few months of rigorous cardio and spinning can have you ready for trapeze. Outside of building swoon-worthy muscles, it helps keep sinus and cervical disorders at bay. A healthy trapeze routine requires each body part be exercised twice a week. 

Diet 

A wholesome diet, but avoid greasy and junk food at any cost. Drink plenty of water, fresh fruit juices and coconut water. 

Aerobics and resistance training 

Such an exercise routine is best practiced at a fitness club under the guidance of expert trainers who understand your fitness level better. Resistance and flexibility exercises help increase stamina, and if rigorously followed, bring you in shape. Resistance is a set of weight lifting exercises, while flexibility is for the lower body. With music in the backdrop, aerobic exercises are a fun way to burn extra fat and get fitter. It facilitates a great deal of interaction with your fellow practitioners and one could also pick up some interesting routines together. To achieve best results, do resistance workout at least thrice a week. Warm up with a set of cardio exercises such as jumping and skipping to build stamina. You burn more calories by alternating aerobics with resistance and flexibility exercises. 

Diet 

Avoid food with high carbohydrate content such as potato, banana etc. If you like eating rice, take a small portion in the afternoon. Simply keep away from all kinds of fried stuff. 

Pilates 

Pilates is also a kind of aerobic exercise which entails a whole set of routines on the floor - on a mat. Group classes are conducted at a fitness club, where the trainer shows new routines on a regular basis, depending on the ability of the students. After a basic two-day training, the body status of the student is decided and a goal is fixed for the week. Pilates exercises the whole body and burns calories. There are as many as one hundred routines for the abs only. While you are free to buy tapes and practice Pilates in your living room, the knowledge of a live trainer and his ability to access your body strength cannot be negated either. Ideally, about four kilograms a month is the healthiest way to shed weight. 

Diet 

A wholesome diet, but avoid greasy and junk food at any cost. Drink plenty of water, juices and coconut water. Not to mention, carbohydrate-rich food should be taken only occasionally. 

Did you know, to lose a kilo you need to burn 7700 calories! Time you slipped into your track pants and broke some sweat. 

(With valuable inputs from Ivan Sabana, fitness expert, The Resort, Mumbai, and Tarun Sahu, asst. fitness manager, Celebrity Fitness Club, Gurgaon)

Premonitions

Everything's planned . . god has everything planned in our life . . for which he sometimes sends us signals . . signals or so called premonitions which in advance tell us what to expect from life . . one such premonition i had this morning which unfortunately turned out to be true . . and has given my professional life an unwanted turn . . not being sure what to expect next i have decided to go along with my thoughts & live life with my set of rules . . there's nothing that can stop you from doing what you want unless you bow to to the negativities . . .

it might sound not logical to some people but then it's my life and i ought to live the way i want to . . yes there are rules at places but then there has to be a ideally logical limit to them . . .

:- tarun